![]() We will deal with this text, plus the doctrine of preservation. In 1633 the Elzeviers at Leiden, his uncle and nephew produced a Greek New Testament and what they said, ‘here is the text that has been received by all ’ so it is the received text as such. The Textus Receptus actually was part of an advertising blub that came out in a Greek New Testament twenty-two years after the King James Version was translated. There are a lot of things that people are simply unaware of as far as the Greek text is concerned. We will discuss the Greek text behind the King James Version. That is the one I know most about and so it will get its own separate lecture. And finally we will talk about the Center for the Study of New Testament Manuscripts. ![]() There is also the Evangelical Textual Criticism website coming out of Cambridge University from Tyndall House and they also have some good discussions on textual criticism. The British Library, both Codex Sinaiticus and Alexandrinus sit next to each other in the British library. We will talk about how to use these sites as well. The Institute for New Testament Textual Research in Germany which has an English site this is the largest of all textual criticism’s institutes and it has some very important materials on their site. All of this is on the internet and all of it is free. The resources for New Testament manuscripts are so vast, that I had to limit things essentially to that which you could access through the internet rather than saying, ‘here’s about five thousand dollars’ worth of specialized books that you guys need to get if you want to learn about textual criticism. Some have suggested that the earliest form of the Codex that had all four Gospels in it would have been in the western order and that is going to become an issue that we will deal with later on as we look at the ending of Mark’s Gospel. Instead of Matthew, Mark, Luke and John, its order is Matthew, John, Luke and Mark the reason for this, they wanted to put the Apostles first and then Luke and Mark. It is a later 4th, perhaps early 5th century and like Codex Bezae, it is a Gospel manuscript that has the order of the Gospels differently from the traditional order, known as the Order of Gospels. It is the most important New Testament manuscript that we have in the United States. Then there is Codex Washintonianus which is in Washington DC. In fact, he gave it to the University of Cambridge with a letter in 1581 saying, ‘this manuscript is eccentric and I figure that the Cambridge University would be the one place that would know how to handle it and would accept it well and appreciate it. Then the most bazaar manuscript of the New Testament is Codex Bezae, named after Thera Bezae, not because Bezae was bazaar but because his manuscript was bazaar. These are 5th century manuscripts, which are, again, very important. The other two include the Codex Alexandrinus and Codex Frame Conscriptus Codex Alexandrinus is in the British Library and Frame Conscriptus, also known as Codex C is in the Bibliotheque Nationale de Paris. They are all from the 4th or 5th century we will spend some time on all four of these. We have a grand total of four early manuscripts that almost surely contain the entire Bible originally. Both are from the 4th century and both contain the entire Bible. The Most famous, Codex Vaticanus and Codex Sinaiticus are probably the two most important New Testament manuscripts. Then, there is the Martin Boggner Papyri, which are manuscripts that are housed for the most part in Geneva, Switzerland in a small village on the edge of Lake Geneva however there have been some shifts in the last few years with these. There are also a number of very Old Testament manuscripts. It has the earliest copy of Paul’s letters, Mark’s Gospel and Revelation. The Chester Beady papyrus is housed mostly in Dublin although there is one leaf in Vienna and thirty leaves at the University of Michigan. We will also look at some famous papyri P52 is an important papyrus because it is the earliest known Greek New Testament copy of any size of any passage of the New Testament. An overview includes: the definition and goal of textual criticism, textual variances, wordings that is different from one manuscript to another, attempts to changes to textual criticism, materials and methods in creating ancient books, materials for doing textual criticism, which includes the history of its transmission, and illustrations of scribal corruptions including unintentional and intentional changes often scribes thought the scribe before them had made a mistake and so they tried to correct those mistakes. This is going to be a lay course, although we will get into some of the details of the Greek and I’ll try to explain that as best I can. Welcome to an introduction on New Testament Textual Criticism. Lecture: Introduction to New Testament Textual Criticism
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